What type of control was used in this study?

Information is provided for you below that will help you construct an answer for your interpretation of the figures on page 2-3.

Background: Dendrobates pumilo is a poison dart frog with a distributional range from Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. The bright colors from the skin of these frogs are considered to be a warning sign of toxicity to predators. Although D. pumilo is one species, there are 10 color polymorphic populations within this range. The warning signs as displayed on D. pumilo are favored by natural selection in terms of predator avoidance.

Purpose of the study (what scientists wanted to understand):

1) How visual conspicuousness and toxicity is correlated.
2) Differences between visual backgrounds and predator visual systems on detection of D.
pumilo.

Glossary:

Dorsal: upper side or back

Ventral: underside

Visual background: Poison dart frogs live on different natural substrates; live dead plant parts, so this would bring about different visual backgrounds.

Visual systems: In this study they are referring to how predators “view” D. pumilo. Remember, not all predators will see their prey the same way.

Color polymorphic: alternative phenotype, and in this case alternative phenotype of frog skin color.

NAME: ______________________

Figure 1. Sampled populations of Dendrites pumilio in the Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Panama. From Isla Bastimentos, two D. pumilio color morphs were collected (green and orange), as well as four individuals of the closely related but nontoxic control species Allobates talamancae.

Bio 112 Olave Spring 2016

Figure 2. Toxicity scores and coloration brightness in Dendrobates pumilio. A, Open bars indicate

toxicity scores with standard errors. Different letters above the bars indicate statistically significant differences; numbers are population numbers referred to in C and in subsequent figures. Allobates talamancae (a closely related Dendrobatid frog) and saline solution served as toxicity measure controls. B, Gray bars indicate the overall brightness of dorsal coloration (total reflectance flux, SR, in arbitrary units) for the 11 frog taxa. C, The inset gives the correlation between toxicity and dorsal brightness for the 10 D. pumilio populations. Numbers refer to the population labels in A.

Bio 112 Olave Spring 2016

NAME: ______________________

Figure 3. Illustration of the perceptual differences between potential predator taxa in species-specific color space. Plots show the estimated brightness and color contrast generated by the dorsal coloration of individuals from three Dendrobates pumilio populations (Solarte [orange], Aguacate [blue], and Pastores [green]), viewed against a Heliconia background, in the visual systems of birds, crabs, and diurnal snakes. Each dot represents reflectance spectra measured from an individual frog. The relative conspicuousness of the different frog morphs differs by viewer. For example, while crabs tend to perceive greater color contrast (DS) for blue frogs compared to green frogs, the difference is reversed for the snake visual system and negligible in the bird visual system.

Questions:

1. 2. 3.

What type of control was used in this study? Why do you think they used this control? Intrepret Figures 2 and 3. What were the results from each figure.

Is visual conspicuousness and toxicity is correlated? Give examples from Figures 1-3 to support your answer.

Were there differences between visual backgrounds and predator visual systems on detection of D. pumilo? Give examples from the figures to support your answer.

Attachments:

What are the common characteristics of URIs in public health?

Think about the subjects of the public service advertisements (PSAs) or signs you may have seen regarding public health. What comes to mind? The issue of distracted driving has dominated in the United States. There are signs in most restaurant restrooms that encourage hand washing. In wildfire-prone areas, fire safety signs and PSAs are ubiquitous. Now consider underrecognized issues (URIs). Almost by definition, the most under recognized public health issues are not easily identifiable through an Internet search and may be more of a challenge to find. Outside of their lack of recognition, what are the common characteristics of URIs in public health?

For this Discussion, explore under recognized issues in public health and select one to use for this Discussion. Consider why the issue may be under recognized and strategies you might use to raise awareness of it in the field. Note that the underrecognized public health issue that you select must be used in both Discussions this week. Be sure to select a URI that was not included in this week’s Learning Resources.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post 5-6 pages a description of an underrecognized issue in public health. Then explain why this issue needs recognition or increased awareness by the field of public health. Then explain your vision of future directions for community health education theory and intervention development in the field of public health. Finally, explain one strategy you might use to increase awareness/recognition of this issue in the public health field.

Be sure to support your postings and responses to your colleagues’ postings with specific references to the Learning Resources and the current literature.

Answer

Explain the second problem (economic, social, political, environmental, complexity, inequity, ethical/moral, etc.)

Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:

Provide an appropriate title and an interesting opening paragraph to appeal to your stated audience (appeal with logic, ethics, or emotion).
Include a defensible, relevant thesis statement in the first paragraph. (Revised from Assignment 2)
Describe the history and status of the issue and provide an overview of the problem(s) that need to be addressed. This should be one or two (1-2) paragraphs.
Explain the first problem (economic, social, political, environmental, complexity, inequity, ethical/moral, etc.) and provide support for your claims. This should be one or two (1-2) paragraphs.
Explain the second problem (economic, social, political, environmental, complexity, inequity, ethical/moral, etc.) and provide support for your claims. This should be one or two (1-2) paragraphs.
Explain the third problem (economic, social, political, environmental, complexity, inequity, ethical/moral, etc.) and provide support for your claims. This should be one or two (1-2) paragraphs.
Provide a concluding paragraph that summarizes the stated problems and promises a solution.
Develop a coherently structured paper with an introduction, body, and conclusion.
Use effective transitional words, phrases, and sentences throughout the paper.
Support claims with at least three (3) quality, relevant references. Use credible, academic sources available through Strayer University’s Resource Center. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.-

Please no plagiarism, more details to follow after a handshake.

Compare the responsibility of both management and the auditor for financial reporting, and give your opinion as to which party should have the greater burden.

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulates public companies. The SEC has found that some of these companies have violated GAAP by using creative accounting practices to mislead investors and creditors regarding the health of their company.

Use the Internet or Strayer Library to research a recent accounting scandal within the last five (5) years where the SEC accused public companies of accounting irregularities.

Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:

Analyze the audit report that the CPA firm issued. Ascertain the legal liability to third parties who relied on financial statements under both common and federal securities laws. Justify your response.
Speculate on which statement of generally acceptable auditing standards (GAAS) that the company violated in performing the audit.
Compare the responsibility of both management and the auditor for financial reporting, and give your opinion as to which party should have the greater burden. Defend your position.
Analyze the sanctions available under SOX, and recommend the key action(s) that the PCAOB should take in order to hold management or the audit firm accountable for the accounting irregularities. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least two (2) quality academic resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.

MUST BE ABLE TO PASS TURNITIN!!!

According to that act, it is against the law to discriminate against anyone with disabilities that limit “major life activities.??

Business writing

Your company is planning to construct a new office, and you, together with other employees from your company, have been asked to serve on a committee to make sure that plans for the new building adhere to the Americans with Disabilities Act, passed in 1990. According to that act, it is against the law to discriminate against anyone with disabilities that limit “major life activities.?? walking, seeing, speaking, hearing, or working.

The law is expressly designed to remove architectural and physical barriers and to make sure that plans are modified to accommodate those protected by the law (for example, wider hallways to accommodate wheelchairs). Other considerations include choosing appropriate floor surfaces (reducing the danger of slipping), “placing water fountains low enough for use by individuals in wheelchairs and installing doors that require minimal pressure to open and close.”

After studying the plans for the new building, you and your team members find several problem areas. Prepare a group-written report advising management of the problems and what must be done to correct them to comply with the law. Divide your written work according to areas that need alteration— doors, floors, water fountains, restroom facilities. Each team member should bring in his or her section, for the group to edit and revise. The group should then prepare the final report for management.

Answer

Describe how organizations use statistical thinking to be more competitive.

who can help with Case Study 1: Statistical Thinking in Health Care

Read the following case study.

Ben Davis had just completed an intensive course in Statistical Thinking for Business Improvement, which was offered to all employees of a large health maintenance organization. There was no time to celebrate, however, because he was already under a lot of pressure. Ben works as a pharmacist’s assistant in the HMO’s pharmacy, and his manager, Juan de Pacotilla, was about to be fired. Juan’s dismissal appeared to be imminent due to numerous complaints and even a few lawsuits over inaccurate prescriptions. Juan now was asking Ben for his assistance in trying to resolve the problem, preferably yesterday!

“Ben, I really need your help! If I can’t show some major improvement or at least a solid plan by next month, I’m history.”

“I’ll be glad to help, Juan, but what can I do? I’m just a pharmacist’s assistant.”

“I don’t care what your job title is; I think you’re just the person who can get this done. I realize I’ve been too far removed from day-to-day operations in the pharmacy, but you work there every day. You’re in a much better position to find out how to fix the problem. Just tell me what to do, and I’ll do it.”

“But what about the statistical consultant you hired to analyze the data on inaccurate prescriptions?”

“Ben, to be honest, I’m really disappointed with that guy. He has spent two weeks trying to come up with a new modeling approach to predict weekly inaccurate prescriptions. I tried to explain to him that I don’t want to predict the mistakes, I want to eliminate them! I don’t think I got through, however, because he said we need a month of additional data to verify the model, and then he can apply a new method he just read about in a journal to identify ‘change points in the time series,’ whatever that means. But get this, he will only identify the change points and send me a list; he says it’s my job to figure out what they mean and how to respond. I don’t know much about statistics — the only thing I remember from my course in college is that it was the worst course I ever took– but I’m becoming convinced that it actually doesn’t have much to offer in solving real problems. You’ve just gone through this statistical thinking course, though, so maybe you can see something I can’t. To me, statistical thinking sounds like an oxymoron. I realize it’s a long shot, but I was hoping you could use this as the project you need to officially complete the course.”

“I see your point, Juan. I felt the same way, too. This course was interesting, though, because it didn’t focus on crunching numbers. I have some ideas about how we can approach making improvements in prescription accuracy, and I think this would be a great project. We may not be able to solve it ourselves, however. As you know, there is a lot of finger-pointing going on; the pharmacists blame sloppy handwriting and incomplete instructions from doctors for the problem; doctors blame pharmacy assistants like me who actually do most of the computer entry of the prescriptions, claiming that we are incompetent; and the assistants tend to blame the pharmacists for assuming too much about our knowledge of medical terminology, brand names, known drug interactions, and so on.”

“It sounds like there’s no hope, Ben!”

“I wouldn’t say that at all, Juan. It’s just that there may be no quick fix we can do by ourselves in the pharmacy. Let me explain how I’m thinking about this and how I would propose attacking the problem using what I just learned in the statistical thinking course.”

Source: G. C. Britz, D. W. Emerling, L. B. Hare, R. W. Hoerl, & J. E. Shade. “How to Teach Others to Apply Statistical Thinking.” Quality Progress (June 1997): 67–80.

Assuming the role of Ben Davis, write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you apply the approach discussed in the textbook to this problem. You’ll have to make some assumptions about the processes used by the HMO pharmacy. Also, please use the Internet and / or Strayer LRC to research articles on common problems or errors that pharmacies face. Your paper should address the following points:

Develop a process map about the prescription filling process for HMO’s pharmacy, in which you specify the key problems that the HMO’s pharmacy might be experiencing. Next, use the supplier, input, process steps, output, and customer (SIPOC) model to analyze the HMO pharmacy’s business process.
Analyze the process map and SIPOC model to identify possible main root causes of the problems. Next, categorize whether the main root causes of the problem are special causes or common causes. Provide a rationale for your response.
Suggest the main tools that you would use and the data that you would collect in order to analyze the business process and correct the problem. Justify your response.
Propose one (1) solution to the HMO pharmacy’s on-going problem(s) and propose one (1) strategy to measure the aforementioned solution. Provide a rationale for your response.
Use at least two (2) quality references. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

Describe how organizations use statistical thinking to be more competitive.
Apply the basic principles of statistical thinking to business processes.
Apply the SIPOC model to identify OFIs in business processes.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in business process improvement.
Write clearly and concisely about business process improvement using proper writing mechanics.

Discuss the use of a binary tree when searching for keys in an array.

Must Be original codes and writing

Key Assignment Draft: Include session changes

The first two Individual Projects used linked lists for stacks, queues, and hashing implementations. With this task, searching performance with linked lists will be addressed.

Part 1: Your tasks for this assignment are the following:

Discuss the use of a binary tree when searching for keys in an array.
Discuss the use of a binary tree when searching for keys in a linked list.

Part 2: Complete the following program:

Describe a linked list structure to support binary searching.
Create pseudo code to describe a binary search with this linked list variation.

Week 4 Deliverables:

Summary of binary search with an array.
Summary of binary search with a linked list.
1 fully documented pseudo code implementation of a linked list useful for binary searches.

Attachments:

application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document icon

883008923.docx

Analyze whether the article is useful to scholar-practitioners who are currently working in the HR field and describe any potential practical applications in the workplace.

sing databases in the Walden library (e.g., Business Source Complete or ABI/Inform complete), locate one article that discusses or applies one of the theories of motivation you have studied this week in an HR context. After reviewing this article, write a 1- to 2-page paper in which you:

Summarize the main argument of the article and the evidence or examples used to support the argument.
Critique the article and describe whether its argument is convincing; be sure to explain your conclusion.
Analyze whether the article is useful to scholar-practitioners who are currently working in the HR field and describe any potential practical applications in the workplace.

Answer

Analyze the effect of both full-cost and variable-cost transfer pricing methods on Phipps’ cash flows using a spreadsheet program such as Excel.

Transfer Pricing Decisions

As a manager, you may be tasked with making recommendations as to how your organization should structure its transfer pricing. This is especially true in cases when both variable or full cost transfer pricing is acceptable, and the choice is not obvious.

For this Assignment, take a moment to review your course text. Reflect on the scenario presented and consider how transfer pricing decisions might apply to organizational decision making.

Phipps manufactures circuit boards in Division A, a country with a 30% income tax rate, and transfers them to Division B, a country with a 40% income tax. An import duty of 15% of the transfer price is paid on all imported products. The import duty is not deductible in computing taxable income. The circuit boards’ full cost is $1,000 and variable cost is $700; they are sold by Division B for $1,200. The tax authorities in both countries allow firms to use either variable cost or full cost as the transfer price.

The Assignment:

Part 1: Analyze the effect of both full-cost and variable-cost transfer pricing methods on Phipps’ cash flows using a spreadsheet program such as Excel.
Part 2: Make your recommendation as to how the organization should proceed, being sure to justify your recommendation with examples form this week’s resources, and/or additional research. Complete this aspect of the Assignment by using a word processing program such as Word.

What part did the anti-immigration sentiment play in the American dream?

History Essay

Unit II Journal Assignment
Being new to a place is challenging. The list below includes some provocative discussions related to the events in this unit’s reading and related to being new to the United States.

For this assignment, you will write two journal entries that reflect on Parts 1 and 2 below. The total length of your journal assignment must be a minimum of three pages in length, with each journal entry being at least one page.

(For example, this means that you could have one journal be one page and the other be two pages, each could be one and a half pages, or some other means by which each is at least one page in length and your total overall pages total three.)

The journals will need to reflect your understanding of the time period and need to avoid being anachronistic. (Remember that this term loosely means to apply today’s values or perspectives on the past.)

HY 1120, American History II 2

To accomplish this, you will need to write both journals as if you are a first generation immigrant (in the first person). Your first journal entry needs to be from the viewpoint of an immigrant from Europe (e.g., Ireland, Italy, Germany, England, or France). Your second journal entry needs to come from the standpoint of an immigrant from Asia (e.g., China or Japan).

You will need to develop an argument within both journal entries based on the bulleted items below. In your own words, justify academically the side of the argument you choose, remembering to cite your sources along the way.

Part 1

Are you treated as an equal by earlier generations residing here? o What are others’ attitudes toward you?

o Why do you think they act this way?

Would you feel pressured to pledge your loyalty to a political machine?
Would you agree to engage in a strike?
Talk about some leisure opportunities and how they are divided by race or class or are for everyone.
Part 2
What is the “American dream?”
What did this “dream” look like for immigrants coming to the United States after the Civil War was over?
Explain which leisure opportunities could be part of the American dream.
What part did the anti-immigration sentiment play in the American dream?
As this is a point of view essay, a modern perspective will not accurately address what the question is asking for. It is strongly suggested that you use at least one selection from the America: History and Life with Full Text database within the CSU Online Library. All sources and their use must be appropriately identified per 6th edition APA format.